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油气勘探钻井用液动射流式冲击器的研究与应用 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
冲击回转钻进技术是当前解决硬岩进难题最有效的方法之一,将液动冲击回转钻进技术成功地推广应用于油气田勘探钻井中,预期可使硬岩平均钻进效率提高30%-50%,成本下降15%-20%。笔者就液动射流式冲击器应用于石油钻井的可行性和意义进行了较详细的分析论证,对所设计的石油钻井用液动射流式冲击器的结构和工作原理进行了说明,最后总结了生产性试验中存在的问题,提出了进一步改进的方案。 相似文献
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Eugenio Aragón Fernando J.D'Eramo Lucio P.Pinotti Manuel Demartis José María Tubía Roberto F.Weinberg Jorge E.Coniglio 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(3):1211-1218
Finite volumes of magma moving in confinement, store hydraulic potential energy for the generation,control and transmission of power. The Pascal's principle in a hydraulic jack arrangement is used to model the vertical and lateral growth of sills. The small input piston of the hydraulic jack is equivalent to the feeder dike, the upper large expansible piston equivalent to the magmatic chamber and the inertial force of the magma in the dike is the input force. This arrangement is particularly relevant to the case of sills expanding with blunt tips, for which rapid fracture propagation is inhibited. Hydraulic models concur with experimental data that show that lateral expansion of magma into a sill is promoted when the vertical ascent of magma through a feeder dike reaches the bottom contact with an overlying, flat rigid-layer. At this point, the magma is forced to decelerate, triggering a pressure wave through the conduit caused by the continued ascent of magma further down(fluid-hammer effect). This pressure wave can provide overpressure enough to trigger the initial hydraulic lateral expansion of magma into an incipient sill, and still have enough input inertial force left to continue feeding the hydraulic system. The lateral expansion underneath the strong impeding layer, causes an area increase and thus, further hydraulic amplification of the input inertial force on the sides and roof of the incipient sill, triggering further expansion in a self-reinforcing process. Initially, the lateral pressure increase is larger than that in the roof allowing the sill to expand. However, expansion eventually increases the total integrated force on the roof allowing its uplift into either a laccolith, if the roof preserves continuity, or into a piston bounded by a circular set of fractures. Hydraulic models for shallow magmatic chambers, also suggest that laccolith-like intrusions require the existence of a self-supported chamber roof. In contrast, if the roof of magmatic chambers loses the self-supporting capacity, lopoliths and calderas should be expected for more or less dense magmas, respectively, owing to the growing influence of the density contrast between the host rock and the magma. 相似文献